Microplastics in indonesian fishery products: a literature review of contamination levels and exposure risks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31102/eam.2.2.122-136Keywords:
microplastic, fish, seaweed, shrimp, salt, musselAbstract
The main problem in this study is the increasing discovery of microplastics in fishery products in Indonesia without an in-depth study of their potential risks to human health. This study aims to identify the content of microplastics in various fishery and marine products in Indonesia and assess the level of danger using the polymer hazard index (PHI). Secondary data were obtained from various international scientific publications that contained information on the type of fishery product, the number of microplastic particles, shape, color, and type of polymer. Each data is analyzed descriptively to find the distribution pattern of microplastics between products, then PHI calculations are carried out based on the composition of the polymer and its hazard score. The estimated annual exposure of microplastics per individual in Indonesia is calculated based on the average national consumption of marine products. The results of the analysis showed that all marine products contain microplastics with varying amounts and types of polymers, where green shellfish have the highest PHI value (1080; category IV) and the greatest risk of harm, while annual microplastic exposure is estimated to be 646 particles per individual. In conclusion, the level of microplastic hazards in Indonesian marine products is influenced by the type of polymer and the characteristics of the organism consumed. This study has important implications for marine food safety monitoring and the need for follow-up toxicological studies to assess the impact of microplastics on human health.
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