PENERAPAN EPDS (EDINBURGH POSTNATAL DEPRESSION SCALE) SEBAGAI ALAT SKRINING DEPRESI POSTPARTUM: LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31102/bidadari.2026.9.1.10-21Keywords:
skrining, EPDS, depresi postpartumAbstract
Masalah kesehatan mental seperti depresi dan kecemasan merupakan kondisi yang sangat umum terjadi selama kehamilan dan setelah melahirkan di seluruh dunia. Secara global, prevalensi depresi postpartum diperkirakan berkisar antara 17% hingga 20% pada ibu setelah melahirkan. Kondisi ini dapat berdampak serius terhadap kesehatan ibu, bayi, dan hubungan keluarga, sehingga deteksi dini menjadi sangat penting. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi bukti-bukti ilmiah terkait pelaksanaan skrining depresi postpartum, baik pada ibu hamil maupun ibu dalam masa nifas, dengan harapan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pelaksanaan deteksi dini depresi postpartum di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan mencakup penentuan fokus tinjauan dengan pendekatan PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes), identifikasi studi yang relevan, deskripsi proses seleksi literatur menggunakan diagram PRISMA, serta ekstraksi data dan pemetaan temuan. Hasil review menunjukkan tiga temuan utama terkait skrining depresi postpartum menggunakan kuesioner Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), yaitu lokasi pelaksanaan skrining, prosedur pelaksanaan, dan variasi cut-off skor. Skrining dapat dilakukan di Women and Children Center (WCC), fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer, dan rumah sakit; prosedur dapat dimulai sejak masa kehamilan hingga periode pascapersalinan; serta nilai ambang EPDS bervariasi antara ≥9 hingga ≥13 sesuai konteks lokal. Kesimpulannya, skrining depresi postpartum menggunakan EPDS merupakan strategi deteksi dini yang penting dan perlu diintegrasikan dalam pelayanan kesehatan ibu secara berkelanjutan. Disarankan adanya penguatan kebijakan skrining rutin, peningkatan kapasitas tenaga kesehatan, serta penelitian lanjutan di Indonesia untuk menentukan cut-off EPDS yang paling sesuai dengan karakteristik populasi.
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