Karakterisasi Morfologi Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) Tipe Merunduk Sebagai Calon Varietas Unggul

Muhammad Ircham Auladi; Annisa Khoiriyah; Budi Wijayanto

doi:10.31102/agrosains.2026.11.1.1-15

Authors

Muhammad Ircham Auladi Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta
Annisa Khoiriyah Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang
Budi Wijayanto Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31102/agrosains.2026.11.1.1-15

Keywords:

Cayenne pepper, drooping-type, morphology, morphological traits

Abstract

Cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) is an important horticultural crop with increasing demand, necessitating the development of superior varieties through the identification of distinct morphological characters. This study aimed to analyze morphological traits and identify the primary distinguishing characteristics of the drooping-type candidate variety RMJHL in comparison with the Betarus, Brontoseno, and Sigma varieties. The study was conducted from July 2025 to January 2026 using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and four replications. Morphological observations were performed descriptively and qualitatively on stem, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed traits based on UPOV guidelines and the RHS Mini Colour Chart standards. The results showed that stem, flower, and seed characteristics were relatively uniform among all varieties, including green pentagonal cylindrical stems (RHS 137 A), star-shaped flowers with white corollas (RHS 157 B), and flattened round seeds with light yellow color (RHS 15 D). The main differences were observed in leaf and fruit characteristics. The RMJHL variety exhibited longer and straighter leaf tips, darker yellowish-green young fruits (RHS 145 A), and an absence of striped spots on the tips of young fruits, whereas the comparison varieties showed lighter yellowish-green young fruits (RHS 150 B) with striped spots. These morphological traits have potential as distinctive markers for varietal identification and support the release of new superior cayenne pepper varieties.

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